Research Directory
Type History
History of Type
- A Brief History of Type: Spokane Falls Community College
- A History of the Old English Letter Foundries by Talbot Baines Reed
- Counterspace Typography Timeline (counterspace.us)
- Font Fundamentals: essay by Thomas Detrie, Arizona State University
- History of Canadian Type Design by Nicholas Fabian
- History of Typography 1: Humanist (ilovetypography.com)
- History of Typography 2: Old Style (ilovetypography.com)
- History of Typography 3: Transitional (ilovetypography.com)
- History of Typography 4: Modern/Didone (ilovetypography.com)
- History of Typography 5: Slab Serif (ilovetypography.com)
- The Sans Serif Typefaces (Linotype Library)
- Typographic Milestones (Nancy Stock-Allen)
- Typographical Printing-Surfaces by Legros & Grant (Google Books)
Origins
- A Natural History of the @ Sign
- Handwriting to Printed Type (Nancy Stock-Allen)
- Histories of Individual Letters
- Origin of the Dollar Sign
- Origin of the Pound Sign
- Origin of the Word “Dollar” and the Dollar Sign
- The Eszett (Origin and History)
- The Evolution of Alphabets (Shippensburg University)
- The Origin of the Alphabet (Shippensburg University)
- The Origins of abc (ILoveTypography.com)
Incunabula, Renaissance
Gutenberg Bible
- The British Library (UK)
- Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas (USA)
- Pierpont Morgan Library (New York)
Historical Persons
Baskerville, John
- John Baskerville, the Man of Transition by Nicholas Fabian
- The Birmingham Jewellery Quarter (UK)
- University of Houston, Dept. of Engineering
Benton, Linn Boyd & Morris Fuller
- Morris F. Benton: Master of Precision Type Design by Nicholas Fabian
- Searching for Morris Fuller Benton by Juliet Shen
Behrens, Peter
Benguiat, Ed
- Ed Benguiat (typeroom.eu)
- Ed Benguiat Collection (School of Visual Arts)
- Ed Benguiat (Wikipedia)
- ADC Hall of Fame: Ed Benguiat
- Ed Benguiat (Type Directors Club)
- Cary Graphic Arts Collection: Ed Benguiat (RIT)
Bodoni, Giambattista
- Cary Collection, Rochester Institute of Technology
- City of Parma (Italy)
- Giambattista Bodoni: Biografia (Alessandro Segalini)
- Linotype Library: Bodoni
- Loyalist College (Ontario, Canada)
- The Father of Modern Type by Nicholas Fabian
Caslon, William
- The Cornerstone of English Type Design by Nicholas Fabian
- William Caslon I, II, III and IV (Linotype Library)
Cooper, Oswald Bruce
Coster, Jan Laurens
De Vinne, Theodore Low
- “The Century’s” Type by Theodore L. De Vinne
- Theodore Low De Vinne (factmonster.com)
- Theodore Low De Vinne: the great scholar-printer-designer by Nicholas Fabian
Didot, Firmin
Dwiggins, William Addison
- The Experimental Type Designs of W.A.Dwiggins (T. Wardle)
- The Type Designs of William Addison Dwiggins by Vincent Connare
- William Addison Dwiggins: Designer Extraordinaire by Nicholas Fabian
Excoffon, Roger
Frutiger, Adrian
- Adrian Frutiger Remembered (Linotype)
- Reputations: Adrian Frutiger (Eye Magazine)
- Adrian Frutiger (Wikipedia)
- Adrian Frutiger, forever true to type (House of Switzerland)
- Logos by Adrian Frutiger (Logo Design Love)
Garamond, Claude
- Garamond or Garamont? (James Mosley)
- Loyalist College (Ontario, Canada)
- The Renaissance Designer from France by Nicholas Fabian
Gill, Eric
- Eric Gill
- Eric Gill Collection at the University of Florida
- Eric Gill: The Master Sculptor of Letters by Nicholas Fabian
- Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas (USA)
- Kindersley Workshop, UK
- Research on Eric Gill (Prof. John Sherman, Notre Dame Univ.)
- The Story of Perpetua (T. Wardle)
Goudy, Frederic W.
- Frederic W. Goudy Collection (Library of Congress)
- My Life with Goudy (Columbia Univ. Libraries)
- Scripps College Old Style
- Type by Goudy (Popular Science, April 1942)
- Type Designer and Master Craftsman by Nicholas Fabian
- Typologia by Frederic Goudy (University of California Press)
Gutenberg, Johannes
- Johann Gutenberg (factmonster.com)
- The British Library (UK)
- Who Was Gutenberg? (Pierpont Morgan Library)
Hammer, Victor
Jannon, Jean
- The Types of Jean Jannon at the Imprimerie Royale by James Mosley
- Garamond or Garamont? by James Mosley
Jenson, Nicholaus
- Nicholas Jenson by Riccardo Olocco
- Nicholas Jenson’s Typographic Contributions (Type Directors Club)
- Nicholaus Jenson by Nicholas Fabian
Kis, Nicholas
- Hungarian Type Designer Nicholas Kis by Nicholas Fabian
- Nicholas Kis (Linotype)
- Kis Cyrillic (Type Journal)
Koch, Rudolf
- Calligrapher, Type Designer, Punchcutter, Teacher by Nicholas Fabian
- The Scribe and the Silhouette (article by Mark Jamra)
Krimpen, Jan van
- Jan van Krimpen by Doyald Young
- Preliminary Checklist of the Early Work of Jan van Krimpen, compiled by John Friedrichs
Manutius, Aldus
- Aldus Manutius & Andrea Toressani Di Asolo (Univ. of Notre Dame)
- Aldus Manutius (Univ. of Notre Dame)
- Aldus Manutius
- Brigham Young University Library
Menhart, Oldrich
- Oldrich Menhart (Linotype Library)
- Oldrich Menhart – Calligrapher, Type Designer and Craftsman (Veronika Burian)
Middleton, Robert Hunter
Miedinger, Max
- Helvetica, serendipity and Max Miedinger (Nicholas Fabian)
- Max Miedinger (Linotype Library)
- Typecast: Cutting Through the History of Helvetica by Paul Barnes (frieze.com)
Morison, Stanley
- Stanley Morison: Changing the Times (Eye Magazine)
- Stanley Morison and Times New Roman
- Stanley Morison by Nicholas Fabian
Morris, William
- The William Morris Gallery
- William Morris (Southgate Green Association)
- William Morris: Art Nouveau Style by Fred Showker
- William Morris Society
- William Morris: The Great Visionary-Craftsman by Nicholas Fabian
Plantin, Christopher
Preissig, Vojtech
Ratdolt, Erhard
- Erhard Ratdolt, type designer and master typographer by Nicholas Fabian
- Euclid. Liber elementorum in artem geometrie. (archive.org)
- Ratdolt – biography and work (Univ. of British Columbia)
Renner, Paul
Rogers, Bruce
- Bruce Rogers, The Master Typographer by Nicholas Fabian
- The Book Arts (Rogers and Goudy Collections, Library of Congress)
- The Meticulous Bruce Rogers by Sean Adams (Design Observer)
- Bruce Rogers and His Centaur (Harvard Magazine)
Tory, Geofroy
Trump, Georg
Tschichold, Jan
- Biography of Jan Tschichold (Linotype Library)
- Clay in a Potter’s Hand by Jan Tschichold (Penrose Annual)
- Jan Tschichold by Nicholas Fabian
Walbaum, J. G. Justus Erich
Walker, Emery
Warde, Beatrice
- Beatrice L. Warde (Princeton University Library)
- Beatrice Warde: Manners and Type (Eye Magazine)
- The Crystal Goblet by Beatrice Warde (Very Interactive, PDF)
Zapf, Hermann
- Profile: Hermann Zapf (Type Directors Club)
- Short Introduction to Hermann Zapf (NYU)
- Hermann Zapf (Wikipedia)
- Hermann Zapf, A Legendary Type Designer (The Book Designer)
Zapf-von Hesse, Gudrun
- Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse (Wikipedia)
- The Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse Website (University of Victoria)
- Hesse Antiqua – Typeface release at 100 by Ferdinand Ulrich
Historical Styles
Art Nouveau
- Art Nouveau (Katsclass.com)
- Art Nouveau Fonts by Ilene Strizver
- Typography in the Art Nouveau Period (Linotype Library)
Arts and Crafts Movement
- A Directory of Arts & Crafts Books, Research and Information
- Arts & Craft Movement (Katsclass.com)
- Arts and Crafts & The Private Press (Nancy Stock-Allen)
Constructivism
- Constructivism (Creative Review)
- Constructivism (The Art Story)
- El Lissitzky (ibiblio.org)
- Monuments of the Future: Designs by El Lissitzky (Getty Research Institute)
- The Constructivists (Linotype Library)
Dadaism
- Dadaism (Linotype Library)
- Documents of Dada and Surrealism by Irene E. Hofmann (The Art Institute of Chicago, PDF)
- Typography in a Brave New World: van Doesburg/Schwitters by Leslie Atzmon (PDF)